A rubber lining is a tough elastic polymeric material used to coat exterior surfaces or the interior of containers (e.g., tanks, pipes and other vessels) that house fluids to prevent corrosion. Rubber linings are used to prevent corrosion, substance contamination, ignition and explosion.

Steel fabrication is the process involving the transformation of raw steel into a product or item that can be used in construction or assembly. Steel is considered an alloy of iron and other metals. There are a wide variety of different kinds of steels, which are used in structural and fabrication operations. Essentially, fabrication is basically making a metal into the shape you need..

1. Selection of Right Polymer(Rubber Selection, Sheet Preparation)
2. Surface Preparation(Shot blasting)
3. Primer and Adhesive Application
4. Rubber Lining Application
5. Rubber Lining Curing
6. Inspection & Testing

• Raw materials are combined per  Compound recipes
• Ingredients are blended in  Rubber mixers
• Some linings need extra  mixes to Breakdown
• Rubber is cross linked by  sulfur and carbon black.

• Blended rubber material is processed through a series of hard pressure rollers to create a smooth sheet of rubber
• Heat is applied during  calendaring process to  ensure maximum ply  adhesion.
• Extruder & Inverted Cracker  help to breakdown rubber.
• No heat memory generated
• Helps maintain proper cure

Abrasive blasting, more commonly known as sandblasting, is the operation of forcibly propelling a stream of abrasive material against a surface under high pressure to smooth a rough surface, roughen a smooth surface, shape a surface or remove surface contaminants.

• Solvent Cleaning
• Hand Tool Cleaning
• Power Tool Cleaning
• Metal Blast Cleaning
• Commercial Blast Cleaning
• Brush-Off  Blast Cleaning

• The blasted material is then subjected to various coating methods prior to rubber lining.
• Primer Coat
• Adhesive Coat
• Two types of coating are used in Primer Coat, viz., Chemlok 205 and Chemlok 220.

• Applying Rubber pattern on blasted surfaces are verified per ASTM D4417.
• Surfaces are prepped post-blast with adhesive  system.
• Surfaces are measured and sheet rubber will be cut into  patterns  to match the  part’s  geometry.
• Rubber panels are skived with a 45° up skive on  the bottom and the top has a 45° down skive.
• Every square inch of rubber is stitched, or  pressed into the blasted and cemented profile.
• Sheet rubber is rolled into a tube and sealed at both ends.
• Rubber bladder is inflated to specified psi.
• Air pressure is used instead of hand stitching to bond rubber to  substrate

• Upon removing the material from the autoclave, the material is subjected to finishing or Grinding Process.
• Herringbone and Groove pattern of cutting  of rubber lined materials were usually done as per the instruction from Customer.

• Per ASTM D2240 - Standard Test  Method for Rubber Property —  Durometer Hardness
• Determines indentation hardness of  thermoplastic  elastomers, vulcanized  rubber, cellular and gel-like materials  and some plastics
• 12 classifications of rubber  hardness: A, B , C, D, E, M, O, OO,  OOO, OOO-S and R
• Per ASTM D5162-08 - Standard  Practice for Discontinuity (Holiday)  Testing of Nonconductive Protective  Coating on Metallic Substrates
• Detects pinholes in linings before &  after cure

Methods:

• Method A – High Voltage Spark
• Can potentially damage lining
• Test voltages determined  by material thickness (see  table)